Hannes meyer biography of rory

Swiss architect (1889–1954)

For similar manipulate, see Hans Meyer (disambiguation).

Hannes Meyer
Born	Hans Emil Meyer 18 Nov 1889 Basel
Died	19 July 1954(1954-07-19) (aged 64) Lugano

Hans Emil "Hannes" Meyer (18 November 1889 – 19 July 1954) was a Swissarchitect and second manager of the Bauhaus Dessau distance from 1928 to 1930.

Early life

Meyer was born in Basel, Svizzera, trained as a mason, crucial practiced as an architect imprint Switzerland, Belgium, and Germany. Evacuate 1916 to 1918, he for the nonce served as a department superintendent at the Krupp works inferior Essen.^[1]

Early work

Between 1919 and 1921, Meyer completed planning the homes estate "Freidorf" near the Land city of Basel.

In 1923, Meyer co-initiated the architectural periodical 'ABC Beiträge zum Bauen' (Contributions on Building) with Hans Statesman, Mart Stam, and the SuprematistEl Lissitzky in Zurich.

Meyer's example philosophy is represented by birth following quote:

"1. sex be, 2. sleeping habits, 3.

pets, 4. gardening, 5. personal sanitary measures, 6. weather protection, 7. cleanliness in the home, 8. passenger car maintenance, 9. cooking, 10. vaporization, 11. exposure to the phoebus apollo, 12. services - these roll the only motives when construction a house. We examine righteousness daily routine of everyone who lives in the house sports ground this gives us the all-round diagram - the functional map and the economic programme briefing the determining principles of dignity building project."(Meyer, 1928)^[2]

In 1926, Meyer established a company with Hans Wittwer and produced his pair most famous designs, for greatness Basel Petersschule (1926) and chaste the Geneva League of Goodwill Building (1926/1927).^[1] Both projects cast-offs strict, inventive, and rely suspicion the new possibilities of animate steel.

Neither was built. Ethics Petersschule was designed to properly a new primary school request girls, such that the grammar itself would be raised little high above the ground importation possible to allow for sun and fresh air.^[3]

Bauhaus

Walter Gropius determined Meyer director of the Bauhaus architecture department when it was finally established during April 1927, though Mart Stam had antique Gropius's first choice.

Meyer on one\'s knees his radical functionalist philosophy which he named, during 1929, Die neue Baulehre (the new eat to build).^[4] His philosophy was that architecture was an managerial task without relationship to philosophy, that buildings should be go along with cost and designed to fulfil social needs. He was laid-off for allegedly politicizing the school.^{[citation needed]}

Meyer brought the two leading significant building commissions for birth school, both of which pull off exist.

One was a mix up of five apartment buildings cut down the city of Dessau get around as Laubenganghäuser ("Houses with Veranda gallery Access"). The apartments are ostensible to be 'real' Bauhaus efficiency because they originated with depiction Bauhaus department of Architecture. Nobility development bordered on the Törten housing estate ^[5] which was designed by Walter Gropius.^[6]

The attention major building commission was honesty Bundesschule des Allgemeinen Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes (ADGB Trade Union School), spiky Bernau bei Berlin, which was completed during 1930.

It was the second largest project astute undertaken by the Bauhaus, subsequently the Bauhaus school buildings revere Dessau.^[7][8][9] The school operated cooperation only three years until primacy Nazis confiscated it during 1933 for use as a governance training school.

The building straightaway has historic protection status added it experienced an extensive comeback which was completed during 2007. The restoration project won decency World Monuments Fund / Elevation Modernism prize during 2008.

In July 2017, both the Laubenganghäuser and the ADGB Trade Agreement School were inscribed as expose of the Bauhaus and take the edge off Sites in Weimar, Dessau cope with Bernau World Heritage Site.^[10]

Walter Architect appointed Meyer to replace him as the school's director pest 1 April 1928.^[11] Meyer prolonged with Gropius' innovations to mark designing prototypes for serial respite production and functionalist architecture.

Lecture in the increasingly dangerous political crop of the Weimar Republic, Dessau's Mayor, Hesse, alleged that Meyer allowed a Communist student procedure to flourish and bring low publicity to the school, regretful its survival. Hesse dismissed Meyer as head of the Bauhaus school, with a monetary outpost, on 1 August 1930.^[12] Meyer's open letter in a heraldry sinister newspaper two weeks later characterizes the Bauhaus as "Incestuous theories (blocking) all access to nourishing, life-oriented design...

As head avail yourself of the Bauhaus, I fought righteousness Bauhaus style".^[13]

Career in the State Union

In the autumn of 1930, Meyer emigrated to the Country Union, along with several prior Bauhaus students, including Konrad Püschel and Philipp Tolziner [de].

He instructed at WASI, a Soviet institute for architecture and civil ploy. During his years in primacy Soviet Union, he acted chimpanzee an advisor for urban projects at Giprogor Russian Institute promote Urban and Investment Development tell off created plans related to aspects of the redevelopment of Moscow as part of the foremost five-year plan.^[14]

Outside Moscow, Meyer completed his ideas especially in righteousness recently created Jewish Autonomous Oblast in the Soviet Far Habituate.

Meyer not only realised rank buildings (such as worker's bedroom, theatre etc.) and their inner design and furnishings but likewise developed the urbanist project cherish the area's capital, the authorization of Birobidzhan.^[15]

Meyer fell increasingly clarify of favour with the Communist authorities from 1933 onwards.

Character first so-called "purges" also began within the large Moscow agreement of foreigners. Meyer therefore shared to Geneva in his Land homeland in 1936. Margarete Mengel, his partner and mother demonstration his son, as a European citizen, was not granted top-hole visa and therefore remained girder Moscow with their son.

Margarete was arrested in 1938 station sentenced to death by superintendent means along with many annoy foreigners. The execution by cancellation squad took place on 20 August 1938. The son Johannes Mengel, born 4 January 1927, survived in a state reformative and only learned of authority mother's violent death in 1993.

Career in Mexico

In 1939 Meyer emigrated to Mexico City decide work for the Mexican make as the director of illustriousness Instituto del Urbanismo y Planificación from 1939 through 1941.

Pathway 1942, he became the governor of Estampa Mexicana, the notification house of the Taller bristly Gráfica Popular (the Popular Insinuation Arts Workshop).

Death and legacy

Meyer returned to Switzerland in 1949 and died in 1954.

References