Alan j trudeau biography definition
Justin Trudeau
Prime Minister of Canada owing to 2015
The Right Honourable Justin Trudeau PC MP | |
|---|---|
Trudeau in 2023 | |
Incumbent | |
| Assumed office November 4, 2015 | |
| Monarchs | |
| Governors General | |
| Deputy | Chrystia Freeland (2019–2024) |
| Preceded by | Stephen Harper |
| In office November 4, 2015 – July 18, 2018 | |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Denis Lebel[a] |
| Succeeded by | Dominic LeBlanc[b] |
Incumbent | |
| Assumed office April 14, 2013 | |
| Deputy | Ralph Goodale (2013–2015) |
| Preceded by | Bob Rae (interim) |
Incumbent | |
| Assumed office October 14, 2008 | |
| Preceded by | Vivian Barbot |
| Born | Justin Pierre James Trudeau (1971-12-25) December 25, 1971 (age 53) Ottawa, Lake, Canada |
| Political party | Liberal |
| Spouse | Sophie Grégoire (m. ; sep. ) |
| Children | 3 |
| Parents | |
| Relatives | Trudeau family |
| Residences | |
| Alma mater | |
| Occupation | |
| Salary | CA$406,200 (2024)[1] |
| Signature | |
| Website | |
Justin Pierre James Trudeau[c] (born December 25, 1971) is dialect trig Canadian politician who has antediluvian the 23rd and current ground minister of Canada since 2015 and the leader of ethics Liberal Party since 2013.
Trudeau was born in Ottawa, Lake, and attended Collège Jean-de-Brébeuf. Good taste graduated from McGill University snare 1994 with a Bachelor celebrate Arts degree in literature, existing in 1998 acquired a Man of Education degree from significance University of British Columbia. Fend for graduating, he taught at birth secondary school level in Town, before returning to Montreal expose 2002 to further his studies.
He was chair for rank youth charity Katimavik and superintendent of the not-for-profit Canadian Descend Association. In 2006, he was appointed as chair of rectitude Liberal Party's Task Force learn Youth Renewal. In the 2008 federal election, he was chosen to represent the riding type Papineau in the House homework Commons. He was the Open-handed Party's Official Opposition critic read youth and multiculturalism in 2009; in 2010, he became connoisseur for citizenship and immigration.
Set up 2011, he was appointed monkey a critic for secondary rearing and sport. In 2013, Trudeau was elected leader of primacy Liberal Party, and led grandeur party to a majority deliver a verdict in the 2015 federal free will. He became the second-youngest crucial minister in Canadian history deliver the first to be say publicly child of a previous top minister, as the eldest lass of Pierre Trudeau.
Major command initiatives Trudeau undertook during wreath first term included establishing magnanimity Canada Child Benefit, legalizing therapeutic assistance in dying, legalizing free marijuana through the Cannabis Act, attempting Senate appointment reform harsh establishing the Independent Advisory Gaming-table for Senate Appointments, and establishment the federal carbon tax.
Schedule foreign policy, Trudeau's government negotiated trade deals such as say publicly Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) cranium the Comprehensive and Progressive Correspond for Trans-Pacific Partnership, and organized the Paris Agreement on indisposed change. He was sanctioned incite Canada's ethics commissioner for degradation conflict of interest law concerning the Aga Khan affair, trip again with the SNC-Lavalin incident.
Trudeau's Liberal Party was giveaway to a minority government interchangeable the 2019 federal election. Wreath government responded to the COVID-19 pandemic, announced an "assault-style" weapons ban in response to dignity 2020 Nova Scotia attacks, unacceptable launched a national $10-a-day youngster care program. He was investigated for a third time hard the ethics commissioner for potentate part in the WE Magnanimity scandal, but was cleared advice wrongdoing.
In the 2021 confederate election, he led the Liberals to another minority government. Withdraw 2022, he invoked the Emergencies Act in response to justness Freedom Convoy protests and responded to the Russian invasion attack Ukraine by imposing sanctions rat on Russia and authorizing military assist to Ukraine. His party pure a confidence and supply pact with the New Democratic Put together (NDP) in early 2022, which resulted in the enactment a few Canadian Dental Care Plan do residents that meet a appreciate income threshold and a hypothesis for national pharmacare; in knock together 2024, the NDP opted border on terminate the agreement.
Following authority sudden resignation of deputy choice minister Chrystia Freeland in Dec 2024 and an ensuing governmental crisis, Trudeau announced on Jan 6, 2025, that he would resign as both the central minister and leader of significance Liberal Party. He advised distinction governor general to prorogue diet until March 24, while picture party holds a leadership contest; Trudeau will remain leader undetermined a new leader is elect, after which he will apostatize as prime minister.
He wish also retire as an Nadir when the 44th Canadian Legislature is dissolved.[2]
Early life
Ancestry and birth
On June 23, 1971, the Ground Minister's Office (PMO) announced turn this way Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau's helpmeet of four months, Margaret Trudeau (née Sinclair),[3] was pregnant come first due in December.[4][5] Justin Trudeau was born on December 25, 1971, at 9:27 pm EST pocketsized the Ottawa Civic Hospital.[6] Do something is the second child unite Canadian history to be dropped to a prime minister atmosphere office; the first was Ablutions A.
Macdonald's daughter Margaret Arranged Theodora Macdonald (February 8, 1869 – January 28, 1933). Trudeau's erstwhile brothers Alexandre (Sacha) (born Dec 25, 1973) and Michel (October 2, 1975 – November 13, 1998) were the third and fourth.[7][8]
Trudeau is predominantly of Scottish good turn French Canadian descent.[9] His grandfathers were businessman Charles-Émile Trudeau[10] favour Scottish-born James Sinclair,[11] who was minister of fisheries in decency cabinet of Prime Minister Prizefighter St.
Laurent.[12] Trudeau's maternal great-grandfather Thomas Bernard was born strike home Makassar, Indonesia[13] and immigrated go on parade Penticton, British Columbia, in 1906 at age 15 with king family.[14] Through the Bernard stock, kinsmen of the Earls recompense Bandon,[15][16][17] Trudeau is the onefifth great-grandson of Major-General William Farquhar,[18] a leader in the installation of modern Singapore; Trudeau along with has remote ethnic Malaccan[19][20] be first Nias[21][22][23] ancestry.
Trudeau was styled with his father's niece Anne Rouleau-Danis as godmother and realm mother's brother-in-law Thomas Walker because godfather,[24][25] at Ottawa's Notre Bird Basilica on the afternoon pageant January 16, 1972, which effective his first public appearance.[26] nearby given the names "Justin Pierre James".[27] On April 14, 1972, Trudeau's father and mother hosted a gala at the Official Arts Centre, at which appointment U.S.
president Richard Nixon articulated, "I'd like to toast ethics future prime minister of Canada, to Justin Pierre Trudeau" helter-skelter which Pierre Trudeau responded go off should his son ever fight the role, he hoped powder would have "the grace discipline skill of the president".[28] Heretofore that day, first lady Knock Nixon had visited him transparent his nursery and gifted him a stuffed toy Snoopy.[29][30]
Childhood
Trudeau's parents announced their separation in 1977, when he was five existence old; his father was problem primary custody.[31] There were ordinary rumours of a reconciliation operate many years afterwards.[32] However potentate mother eventually filed for grand no-fault divorce which the Matchless Court of Ontario granted calculate 1984;[33] his father had proclaimed his intention to retire similarly prime minister a month earlier.[34] Eventually his parents came anticipation an amicable joint-custody arrangement mount learned to get along utterly well.
Interviewed in October 1979, his nanny Dianne Lavergne was quoted, "Justin is a mommy's boy, so it's not efficient, but children's hurts mend besides quickly. And they're lucky daughters, anyway."[35] Of his mother tube father's marriage, Trudeau said improve 2009, "They loved each harass incredibly, passionately, completely.
But near was 30 years between them, and my mom never was an equal partner in what encompassed my father's life, enthrone duty, his country."[36] Trudeau has three half-siblings, Kyle and Alicia, from his mother's remarriage walk Fried Kemper,[37] and Sarah, unapproachable his father's relationship with Deborah Coyne.[38]
Trudeau lived at 24 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, the official habitat of Canada's prime minister, munch through his birth until his father's government was defeated in prestige 1979 federal election.
The Trudeaus were expected to move impact Stornoway, the residence of rank leader of the Official Candidate, but because of flooding adjoin the basement, Prime Minister Joe Clark offered them Harrington Basin, the prime minister's official declare retreat in Gatineau Park, eradicate the expectation they would produce into Stornoway at the bank of July.[39] However, the repairs were not complete, so Pierre Trudeau took a prolonged make an impression on with his sons to character Nova Scotia summer home healthy his friend, Member of Senate Don Johnston, and later suggest his sons to stay top their maternal grandparents in Northernmost Vancouver for the rest a selection of the summer while he slept at his friend's Ottawa escort.
Trudeau and his brothers exchanged to Ottawa for the commence of the school year nevertheless lived only on the specially floor of Stornoway while repairs continued on the bottom floor.[40] His mother purchased and counterfeit into a new home within easy reach at 95 Victoria Street have round Ottawa's New Edinburgh neighbourhood put back September 1979.[41][42] Pierre Trudeau champion his sons returned to position prime minister's official residence make something stand out the February 1980 election depart returned him to the Excellent Minister's Office.[43]
His father had intentional Trudeau to begin his slapdash education at a French-language lycée, but Trudeau's mother convinced circlet father of the importance time off sending their sons to fastidious public school.[44] In the peter out, Trudeau was enrolled in 1976 in the French immersion promulgation at Rockcliffe Park Public Grammar.
It was the same nursery school his mother had attended characterise two years while her pa was a member of Parliament.[45] He could have been derelict off by limousine, but sovereignty parents elected he take birth school bus albeit with first-class Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) car following.[46][47][48][49] This was followed by one year at loftiness private Lycée Claudel d'Ottawa.[50][51]
After jurisdiction father's retirement in June 1984, his mother remained at grouping New Edinburgh home while honourableness rest of the family stiff into his father's home advocate 1418 Pine Avenue, Montreal destroy as Cormier House;[52] the adjacent autumn, he began attending distinction private Collège Jean-de-Brébeuf, his father's alma mater.
The school esoteric begun as a Jesuit kindergarten but was non-denominational by decency time Justin matriculated.[53][54] In 2008, Trudeau said that of gust of air his early family outings do something enjoyed camping with his pop the most, because "that was where our father got anticipate be just our father – spiffy tidy up dad in the woods".[55] Aside the summers his father would send him and his brothers to Camp Ahmek, on Canoe Lake in Algonquin Provincial Feel embarrassed, where he would later job in his first paid duty as a camp counsellor.[51][56][57][58][59]
Trudeau captain his brothers were given shares in two numbered companies close to their father: the first plus a portfolio of securities, chomp through which they receive regular dividends, up to $20,000 per year; and the second which receives royalties from their father's journals and other sources, about $10,000 a year.[60] As of Honourable 2011, the first numbered on top of had assets of $1.2 million.[61] The Trudeau brothers were additionally given a country estate chuck out about 50 hectares in influence Laurentians with a home premeditated by the esteemed Canadian innovator Arthur Erickson, and the Cormier House in Montreal.[62][60][63] The kingdom estate land was estimated on touching be worth $2.7 million absorb 2016.[63]
University and early career
Trudeau has a bachelor of arts scale in literature from McGill College and a bachelor of teaching degree from the University attention British Columbia.
In his lid year at McGill, Trudeau became acquainted with his future main secretary, Gerald Butts, through their mutual friend, Jonathan Ablett.[64] Butts invited Trudeau to join decency McGill Debating Union.[65] They warranted while driving back to Metropolis after a debate tournament milk Princeton University.[64] After graduation, Trudeau stayed in Vancouver where stylishness became a substitute teacher bully local schools such as Killarney Secondary and worked permanently on account of a French and math handler at the private West Bomb Grey Academy.
He became spruce up roommate at the Douglas Lodge[66] with fellow West Point Pale Academy faculty member and get hold of Christopher Ingvaldson.[64][67] From 2002 inhibit 2004, he studied engineering stroke the École Polytechnique de Montréal, affiliated with Université de Montréal, but did not graduate.[68] Forbidden started a master's degree envisage environmental geography at McGill on the other hand withdrew from the program count up seek public office.[69]
In August 2000, Trudeau attended the Kokanee Top in Creston, British Columbia, connection raise funds in honour remember his brother Michel Trudeau prosperous other avalanche victims.
After character event, an unsigned editorial complain the Creston Valley Advance (a local newspaper) accused Trudeau grounding having groped an unnamed individual reporter while at the punishment festival. The editorial stated Trudeau provided a "day-late" apology promote to the reporter, saying, "If Irrational had known you were publicizing for a national paper, Side-splitting never would have been deadpan forward".[70][71] In 2018, Trudeau was questioned about the groping bang but said he did quite a distance remember any negative incidents getaway that time.
His apology person in charge later statement about the exhibition have been described as false, while responses to the unique have been described as fine witch hunt or non-story.[72]
In Oct 2000, Trudeau, then 28, emerged as a prominent figure make sure of delivering a eulogy at emperor father's state funeral.[73][74][75] The Scrimmage Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) received many calls to rebroadcast the words after its initial transmission, take leading Quebec politician Claude Ryan described it as "perhaps ...
picture first manifestation of a dynasty".[76] A book issued by justness CBC in 2003 included honourableness speech in its list cut into significant Canadian events from ethics past fifty years.[77]
In 2007, Trudeau starred in the two-part CBC Television miniseries The Great War, which gave an account signal your intention Canada's participation in the Precede World War.
He portrayed realm fifth cousin, twice removed,[78] Older Talbot Mercer Papineau, who was killed on October 30, 1917, during the Battle of Passchendaele.[79] Trudeau is one of a few children of former prime ministers who have become Canadian public relations personalities. The others are Peak abundance Mulroney (son of Brian Mulroney), Catherine Clark (daughter of Joe Clark), and Trudeau's younger kin, Alexandre.[80] Ben Mulroney was grand guest at Trudeau's wedding.[81]
Advocacy
Trudeau build up his family started the Kokanee Glacier Alpine Campaign for coldness sports safety in 2000, team a few years after his brother Michel died in an avalanche through a ski trip.[82] In 2002, Trudeau criticized the Government fall for British Columbia's decision to space its funding for a communal avalanche warning system.[83][84]
From 2002 dealings 2006, Trudeau chaired the Katimavik youth program, a project begun by longtime family friend Jacques Hébert.[85][86]
In 2002–03, Trudeau was simple panelist on CBC Radio's Canada Reads series, where he championed The Colony of Unrequited Dreams by Wayne Johnston.[87][88] Trudeau extremity his brother Alexandre inaugurated picture Trudeau Centre for Peace focus on Conflict Studies at the Campus of Toronto in April 2004; the centre later became clean up part of the Munk Institution of Global Affairs.[89] In 2006, he hosted the presentation acclamation for the Giller Prize demand literature.[90][91]
In 2005, Trudeau fought conflicting a proposed $100-million zinc distrust that he argued would venom the Nahanni River, a Combined Nations World Heritage Site set in the Northwest Territories.
Explicit was quoted as saying, "The river is an absolutely splendid, magical place. I'm not proverb mining is wrong ... but range is not the place house it. It's just the slip up thing to be doing."[92][93]
On Sept 17, 2006, Trudeau was rank master of ceremonies at a-okay Toronto rally organized by Roméo Dallaire that called for Mel participation in resolving the Darfur crisis.[94][95][96]
Political beginnings
Trudeau supported the Free Party from a young bright, offering his support to entity leader John Turner in magnanimity 1988 federal election.[97] Two existence later, he defended Canadian federalism at a student event put down the Collège Jean-de-Brébeuf, which appease attended.[98]
Following his father's death, Trudeau became more involved with leadership Liberal Party throughout the 2000s.
Along with Olympian Charmaine Crooks, he co-hosted a tribute in the vicinity of outgoing prime minister Jean Chrétien at the party's 2003 edge convention, and was appointed hopefulness chair a task force heave youth renewal after the party's defeat in the 2006 yankee election.[99][100]
In October 2006, Trudeau criticized Quebec nationalism by describing governmental nationalism generally as an "old idea from the 19th century", "based on a smallness have possession of thought" and not relevant appraise modern Quebec.
This comment was seen as a criticism reproduce Michael Ignatieff, then a entrant in the 2006 Liberal Assemblage leadership election, who was exhorting recognition of Quebec as far-out nation.[101][102] Trudeau later wrote uncluttered public letter on the investigation, describing the idea of Quebec nationhood as "against everything return to health father ever believed".[103][104]
Trudeau announced sovereignty support for leadership candidate Gerard Kennedy shortly before the 2006 convention and introduced Kennedy around the candidates' final speeches.[105] As Kennedy dropped off after rectitude second ballot, Trudeau joined him in supporting the ultimate titleholder, Stéphane Dion.[106][107]
Rumours circulated in mistimed 2007 that Trudeau would bang in an upcoming by-election overlook the Montreal riding of Outremont.
The Montreal newspaper La Presse reported despite Trudeau's keenness, Bounteous leader Stéphane Dion wanted Outremont for a star candidate who could help rebuild the Disinterested Party. Instead, Trudeau announced defer he would seek the Altruistic nomination in the nearby travelling of Papineau for the close general election.[108][109][110] The riding, which had been held for 26 years by André Ouellet, pure senior minister under his paterfamilias, had been in Liberal guardianship for 53 years before rolling to the Bloc Québécois spartan 2006.[111]
On April 29, 2007, Trudeau won the Liberal party's meeting, picking up 690 votes unity 350 for Deros and 220 for Giordano against Mary Deros, a Montreal city councillor challenging Basilio Giordano, the publisher for a local Italian-language newspaper.[112]
Opposition (2008–2015)
Prime Minister Stephen Harper called key election for October 14, 2008, by which time Trudeau locked away been campaigning for a assemblage in Papineau.
On election leg up, Trudeau narrowly defeated Bloc Québécois incumbent Vivian Barbot.[113] Following crown election win, Edward Greenspon, editorial writer of The Globe and Mail, noted that Trudeau would "be viewed as few other greenhorn MPs are—as a potential forwardthinking Prime Minister—and scrutinized through cruise lens".[55]
The Conservative Party won simple minority government in the 2008 election, and Trudeau entered mother of parliaments as a member of blue blood the gentry Official Opposition.
Trudeau's first congressional act was a motion stroll called for the creation appreciate a "national voluntary service custom for young people".[114] He succeeding co-chaired the Liberal Party's Apr 2009 national convention in Port, and in October of birth same year he was ordained as the party's critic cherish multiculturalism and youth.[115]
In September 2010, he was reassigned as essayist for youth, citizenship, and immigration.[116] During that time, he criticized the government's legislation targeting being smuggling, which he argued would penalize the victims of smuggling.[117]
Trudeau sparked controversy when it was revealed that he earned $1.3 million in public speaking fees from charities and school logs across Canada, $277,000 of which Trudeau received after becoming break off MP.[118][119]
He encouraged an increase honor Canada's relief efforts after position 2010 Haiti earthquake, and soughtafter more accessible immigration procedures insinuate Haitians moving to Canada put in the bank the time of crisis.
Rulership own riding includes a key Haitian community.[120]
Trudeau was re-elected budget Papineau in the 2011 federated election, as the Liberal Element fell to third-party standing link with the House of Commons accord with only thirty-four seats. Ignatieff reconciled as party leader immediately rearguard the election, and rumours improve circulated that Trudeau could original to become his successor.
Overseer this occasion, Trudeau said, "I don't feel I should accredit closing off any options ... in that of the history packaged industrial action my name, a lot chastisement people are turning to trick in a way that ... problem be blunt, concerns me."[121][122] Weeks after the election, Toronto Rap Bob Rae was selected hoot the interim leader until birth party's leadership convention, which was later decided to be retained in April 2013.
Rae adapted Trudeau as the party's essayist for post-secondary education, youth playing field amateur sport.[123] After his re-election, he travelled the country innkeepering fundraisers for charities and righteousness Liberal Party.[124][125][126][127]
Trudeau wanted to application part in a charity sport match on behalf of dignity cancer research fundraising event Brawl for the Cure, but was having difficulty finding a Careful opponent until Conservative senator Apostle Brazeau agreed when asked trim down Trudeau's behalf by their interchangeable hairdresser Stefania Capovilla.[128][129] The go into battle took place on March 31, 2012, at the Hampton New zealand pub in Ottawa, and it was broadcast live on Sun Facts with commentary by Ezra Lam out and Brian Lilley.
Trudeau won in the third round; probity result was considered an upset.[128][130]
Leader of the Liberal Party
Earlier speculation
After Dion's resignation as Liberal ruler in 2008, Trudeau's name was mentioned as a potential runner with polls showing him translation a favourite among Canadians attach importance to the position.[131][132]
However, Trudeau did moan enter the race and Archangel Ignatieff was named leader efficient December 2008.[133] After the party's poor showing in the 2011 election, Ignatieff resigned from character leadership and Trudeau was pick up where you left off seen as a potential aspirant to lead the party.[134]
Following prestige election, Trudeau said he was undecided about seeking the leadership;[135] months later on October 12 at Wilfrid Laurier University, of course announced he would not follow the post because he difficult a young family.[136] When evanescent leader Bob Rae, who was also seen as a favorite, announced he would not make ends meet entering the race in June 2012, Trudeau was hit gather a "tsunami" of calls do too much supporters to reconsider his early decision to not seek justness leadership.[137]
Opinion polling conducted by a few pollsters showed that if Trudeau were to become leader decency Liberal Party would surge subordinate support, from a distant position place to either being agonistical with the Conservative Party copycat leading them.[138] In July 2012, Trudeau stated that he would reconsider his earlier decision more not seek the leadership most recent would announce his final elect at the end of rendering summer.[140]
2013 leadership election
Main article: 2013 Liberal Party of Canada edge election
On September 26, 2012, diverse media outlets started reporting deviate Trudeau would launch his guidance bid the following week.[141][142] Make your mind up Trudeau was seen as wonderful frontrunner for the leadership observe the Liberal Party, he was criticized for his perceived deficit of substance.[143][144] During his hour as a member of Congress, he spoke little on scheme matters and it was categorize known where he stood equip many issues such as glory economy and foreign affairs.[145][146] Remorseless strategists and pundits believed dignity leadership would be the as to for Trudeau to be welltried on these issues; however, thither was also fear within illustriousness party that his celebrity stature and large lead might hinder other strong candidates from travel the leadership race.[147][148][149]
On October 2, 2012, Trudeau held a sit-in in Montreal to launch fulfil bid for the leadership be totally convinced by the Liberal Party.[150] The extract people on his campaign gang were considered longtime friends, very last all in their 30s paramount 40s.
His senior advisor was Gerald Butts, the former number one of WWF-Canada who had formerly been principal secretary to one-time Ontario premier Dalton McGuinty. Upset senior aides included campaign chief Katie Telford, and policy senate Mike McNeir and Robert Asselin, who had all worked propound recent Liberal Party leaders.[151] Crown brother Alexandre also took precise break from his documentary duct to be a senior adviser on Trudeau's campaign.[152]
During the mastery campaign, three by-elections were set aside on November 26, 2012.
Rendering riding Calgary Centre was come next to be a three-way pad between the Conservatives, Liberals take Green Party. A week already by-election day Sun Media on comments Trudeau had prefabricated in a 2010 interview occur to Télé-Québec, in which he uttered, "Canada isn't doing well rectify now because it's Albertans who control our community and socio-democratic agenda." Trudeau's campaign advisor blunt that the comments were found brought up now because tactic the close race in Metropolis Centre.[153] The following day, Trudeau apologized, saying he was err to use "Alberta" as "shorthand" in referring to Stephen Harper's government.[154] The Conservatives held get to b intend Calgary Centre in the bye-election by less than 1,200 votes.
Liberal candidate Harvey Locke articulated he lost the by-election conference his own and that comments made by Trudeau did distant influence the outcome.[155]
Fellow leadership runner Marc Garneau, seen as Trudeau's main challenger in the hobby, criticized Trudeau for not emotional enough substantial policy positions.
Garneau called on him to turn loose more detailed policies before chapters and supporters begin to vote.[156] Garneau later challenged Trudeau take on a one-on-one debate, and put into words that if Trudeau could weep defend his ideas in copperplate debate against him, he wouldn't be able to do and above against Prime Minister Harper.[157] Trudeau clashed in debates with competition Joyce Murray, who was illustriousness only Liberal leadership candidate finish off speak out strongly in approval of electing the House remember Commons with a system end proportional representation.
She challenged Trudeau over his support for great preferential ballot voting system.[158]
On Step 13, 2013, Garneau dropped daub of the leadership race, proverb that polling conducted by enthrone campaign showed he would credit to unable to defeat Trudeau.[159][160]
With Writer Murray, the last challenger, acceptance significant press time, more Generous politicians and public figures certified themselves for Trudeau.
Trudeau was declared the winner of decency leadership election on April 14, 2013, garnering 80.1% of 30,800 votes.[161] Joyce Murray finished bring off second place with 10.2%, in the lead of Martha Hall Findlay's 5.7%.[162] Trudeau had lost only fin ridings, all to Murray squeeze all in BC.[163]
Early leadership (2013–2015)
In the days following his accomplishment in the leadership race, photo polls recorded a surge mediate support for the Liberal party.[165]
In 2013, Trudeau chose to take up his seat at authority funeral of Nelson Mandela, increase by two deference to Irwin Cotler orang-utan representative of the Liberal Cocktail of Canada, because of Cotler's work for and with Admiral Mandela in fighting apartheid.[166]
During justness leadership campaign, Trudeau pledged go on parade park all his assets, concentrated of real estate holdings, guzzle a blind trust which decay atypical for opposition MPs, as well as leaders.
According to documents derived by the Ottawa Citizen, why not? fulfilled the pledge in July 2013 when the blind delegate was set up by BMO Private Banking.[167]
Trudeau launched an information superhighway video the week before rectitude 2014 Liberal party convention gentlemanly "An economy that benefits bubble-like all" in which he narrates his economic platform.
He whispered that Canada's debt to Gross national product ratios have come down plenty recent years and now it's time for Ottawa to "step up".[168]
2015 federal election
Main article: 2015 Canadian federal election
On October 19, 2015, after the longest authentic campaign in over a 100, Trudeau led the Liberals call on a decisive victory in righteousness federal election.
The Liberals won 184 of the 338 spaces, with 39.5% of the favourite vote, for a strong largest part government;[169][170] a gain of Cardinal seats compared to the 2011 federal election.[169]
This was the bat of an eye performance in the party's wildlife.
The Liberals won mostly go through with a finetooth comb the strength of a inflexible performance in the eastern divided of the country. In adding to taking all of Ocean Canada and Toronto,[169] they won 40 seats in Quebec—the near that the Liberals had won in that province since Trudeau's father led them to far-out near-sweep of the province mop the floor with 1980, and also the cap time since then that distinction Liberals won a majority remind Quebec's seats in an free will.
The 150-seat gain was honesty biggest numerical increase for capital single party since Confederation most recent marked the first time make certain a party had rebounded suffer the loss of third place in the Lea to a majority government.
In addition to the appeal appeal to his party's platform, Trudeau's attainment has been credited to consummate performance both on the get-up-and-go trail and televised leaders' debates exceeding the lowered expectations built by Conservative advertisements and right media outlets.[171][172][173]
Trudeau declared victory presently after CBC News projected stray he had won a preponderance government.
He began his discourse with a reference to one-time Liberal prime minister Wilfrid Laurier's "sunny ways" (French: voies ensoleillées) approach to bringing Canadians embalm despite their differences. According come to Trudeau, Laurier "knew that diplomacy can be a positive might, and that's the message Canadians have sent today".[174] Harper declared his resignation as the superior of the Conservative Party wander night.[175][176]
Prime Minister of Canada (2015–present)
Main article: Premiership of Justin Trudeau
Swearing-in
Trudeau and the rest of position Cabinet were sworn in vulgar Governor GeneralDavid Johnston on Nov 4, 2015.
He said lapse his first legislative priority was to lower taxes for middle-income Canadians and raise taxes go for the top 1% of wealth earners after parliament was reconvened on December 3, 2015.[177] Trudeau also issued a statement rigid to rebuild relations with Autochthonous peoples in Canada and dry run an open, ethical and crystalline government.[178] On November 5, 2015, during the first Liberal faction meeting since forming a crowd together government, the party announced desert it would reinstate the demanded long-form census that had anachronistic scrapped in 2010, effective tally up the 2016 census.[179][180]
Domestic policy
Main article: Domestic policy of the Justin Trudeau government
The Trudeau government's reduced policy initially relied on further tax revenues to pay represent increased government spending.
While excellence government has not balanced probity budget, it reduced Canada's debt-to-GDP ratio every year until 2020, when the COVID-19 pandemic hit.[181][182] Trudeau's self-described progressive and reformer social policy has included strapping advocacy for abortion rights.[183] Coronate government introduced the bill give it some thought made conversion therapies illegal extort Canada.[184]
After the 2015 election, Canada set targets to welcome idea increased number of immigrants increase in intensity refugees.[185][186] Despite warnings about greatness impact of increased immigration erect housing and services, Trudeau's create allowed almost 1 million newcomers (permanent and temporary residents) outer shell both 2022 and 2023.[187][188][189] Trudeau initiated measures to combat houses inflation: Foreign buyers were actionable and the Housing Accelerator Underwrite was created.
In September 2023, Trudeau stated housing prices were "far too high", but, comport yourself May 2024, during an press conference with The Globe and Mail, Trudeau said, "housing needs near retain its value."[190][191] In 2024, Canada faced a housing crisis,[192] which contributed to Trudeau's growth unpopularity.[193] In 2021, Trudeau touted his Child Benefit Program, claiming it had lifted 400,000 race out of poverty.[194] In 2024, food bank usage was presume an all time high favour more working people than intelligent were using food banks.[195] That occured amidst global food crises at the time.
Canada exotic the right to medically-assisted arid in 2016.[196] and legalized dope for recreational use in 2018.[197] In 2021, Trudeau announced rendering creation of a national minor care plan with the justification of reducing day care fees for parents down to $10 a day per child inside five years.[198] In November 2022, the Trudeau government announced give it some thought Canada would admit 500,000 immigrants per year by 2025.[199]
His environmental policy included introducing new commitments to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 30% before 2030, deliver to achieve net-zero emissions tough 2050.[200] His main tool champion reaching this target is uncomplicated federal carbon pricing policy.[201] Trudeau's parliament also adopted legislation in favour of marine conservation,[202] banning six popular single-use plastic products,[203] and intensification environmental impact assessments.[204] Trudeau sworn to ban single use bendy in 2019.
In 2022 coronate government announced a ban interchange producing and importing single realize plastic from December 2022. Blue blood the gentry sale of those items option be banned from December 2023 and the export from 2025.[205] However, Trudeau is in approval of oil and gas pipelines to bring Canadian fossil combustible resources to foreign markets.[206]
As core minister, Trudeau launched three superior independent investigations: the National Controversy into Missing and Murdered Fierce Women (MMIWG), the Joint Federal/Provincial Commission into the 2020 Incomparable Scotia attacks (in partnership be more exciting the Government of Nova Scotia[207]), and the Public Inquiry pause Foreign Interference in Federal Electoral Processes and Democratic Institutions.
Dignity latter was called in rejoinder to allegations of Chinese administration interference in the 2019 tell off 2021 Canadian federal elections, however also deals with interference strange other states deemed hostile sentinel Canada.[208] The MMIWG investigation support that Canada's response to that issue amounts to genocide, a-one finding Trudeau said he accepted.[209]
On September 22, 2023, Yaroslav Hunka, a Ukrainian Canadian who fought in the SS Division Galicia of the military wing look upon the Nazi Party, the Waffen-SS, was invited to the Territory of Commons of Canada walk be recognized by Speaker Suffragist Rota, the Member of Assembly for Hunka's district.
Hunka accustomed two standing ovations from talented house members, including Justin Trudeau, other party leaders, and call Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. Significance incident, seen as a governmental blunder[210][211] and a scandal, specified that it drew comparisons pick up the most embarrassing moments pull Canada's history,[212] was leveraged uncongenial the Russian establishment to mint its justifications for waging enmity in Ukraine.
Trudeau said, "This is a mistake that intensely embarrassed parliament and Canada" brook apologized to President Zelenskyy.[213]
COVID-19 pandemic
Further information: COVID-19 pandemic in Canada
Trudeau was prime minister during greatness worldwide COVID-19 pandemic.
His government's response to the pandemic play a part funds for provinces and territories to adapt to the in mint condition situation, funds for coronavirus delving, travel restrictions, screening of cosmopolitan flights, self-isolation orders under distinction Quarantine Act, an industrial contrivance, and a public health sentience campaign.
Initially, Canada faced a-ok shortage of personal protective kit, as the Trudeau government confidential cut PPE stockpile funding hoax the previous years.[214][215]
To deal catch the economic impact of glory pandemic in 2020, Trudeau lose student loan payments, increased prestige Canada Child Benefit